Editorial

Volume 16.2 Editorial
Welcome to this special issue of Drama Research! This special issue has arisen from the request by the organisers of the Dorothy Heathcote Now Conference 2024 to publish contributions from that Conference in this journal. We welcome the opportunity to feature such a range and quality of articles. The themes of that conference, which took place at Goldsmiths, University of London in November 2024, were ‘Agency and Empowerment’ and the articles in this edition reflect these themes, which are so relevant in the world today, with forces at work that are intent on denying human rights: even the right to live.
It is to be expected that an edition of a journal which has originated from a conference focusing on the work of Dorothy Heathcote will contain a body of work which reflects this focus: and so it does. And it is also not surprising that the work of this great educator fits very well with these themes: so much of her practice enabled both agency and empowerment in all those that she worked with.

Volume 16.2 Editorial
Welcome to this special issue of Drama Research! This special issue has arisen from the request by the organisers of the Dorothy Heathcote Now Conference 2024 to publish contributions from that Conference in this journal. We welcome the opportunity to feature such a range and quality of articles. The themes of that conference, which took place at Goldsmiths, University of London in November 2024, were ‘Agency and Empowerment’ and the articles in this edition reflect these themes, which are so relevant in the world today, with forces at work that are intent on denying human rights: even the right to live.
It is to be expected that an edition of a journal which has originated from a conference focusing on the work of Dorothy Heathcote will contain a body of work which reflects this focus: and so it does. And it is also not surprising that the work of this great educator fits very well with these themes: so much of her practice enabled both agency and empowerment in all those that she worked with.
Articles

A Comparative Analysis of Brian Way and Dorothy Heathcote’s Theatrical Approaches: Konstantin Stanislavski vs. Bertolt Brecht
This study conducts a comparative analysis of the theatrical approaches of Brian Way and Dorothy Heathcote, two seminal figures in drama education. While both emerged from the United Kingdom, their philosophies have had enduring international impact.

Dorothy Heathcote: From ‘Learning About’ to ‘Learning From and For’ the Other
This article proposes a re-reading of Heathcote’s work through the ethical philosophy of Emmanuel Levinas, often described as the philosopher of the Other. Heathcote’s praxis is more accurately aligned with Levinas’s notion of education as an encounter with alterity and exteriority, than with models of co-constructed knowledge. For both Heathcote and Levinas, the classroom can be conceived as a kind of laboratory, not for consensus or shared meaning, but for responsibility, interruption, and ethical relation.

Drama in Education in Career Guidance and Counselling: enhancing teenagers’ agency and empowerment
In a recently published PhD study, forty students from grades 9, 10, and 11 at a Greek high school participated in a quasi-experiment during an Action Research intervention that used Drama in Education as the primary method for career exploration. The intervention successfully enhanced the teenagers’ agency and empowerment through personal involvement and active engagement in all processes. Over time, the students in the experimental group assumed the roles of participants, researchers, designers, facilitators, and evaluators. According to the research findings, they developed essential career skills and transferable competences at personal, social, and early professional levels. Their career self-efficacy and career decision-making skills improved to a statistically significant degree compared with the control group.

Humanizing Teaching with Dramatic Inquiry: Keynote by Brian Edmiston at the Dorothy Heathcote Now Conference at Goldsmiths, University of London, November 2024
This article is the text of the Keynote delivered by Brian Edmiston at the Dorothy Heathcote Now Conference at Goldsmiths, University of London, November 2024.

In Two Minds and Two bodies: what happens when we think in role?
This paper is written from a presentation at the Dorothy Heathcote Now! conference held at Goldsmiths November 2024. It examines a particular moment recorded within an interview which was part of my doctoral thesis: In Two Minds: What Happens when we Think in Role?
The narrative begins with the interviewee’s statement:
Drama helped me escape my reality and face it at the same time (Kiara 2019).
This paradox forms the thematic core of the study, which uses Kiara’s recollection of a drama exercise where she saw herself depicted by another student. The article uses this moment to explore how being in role can catalyse self-recognition and healing transformation.

Practitioners’ reflections on dramatic co-creation with children
This study explores practitioners’ reflections on dramatic co-creation with children, focusing on manifestations of agency and empowerment, the role of facilitators, and barriers to co-creation.

The Different Voices of the Teacher in Mantle of the Expert: Developing Community and Student agency
This article is a review of the workshop conducted at the Heathcote Now Conference, November 2024, led by Tim Taylor, alongside Richard Kieran and Lisa Hinton from Woodrow First School, Redditch. The content of the workshop was originally taught across Woodrow First School in the summer of 2024.

The Impact of Mantle of the Expert on Pre-service Teachers’ Pedagogical Drama Confidence in Primary Education
Pre-service primary teachers often lack confidence in teaching drama. This can be compounded by school placement experiences with in-service teachers who similarly lack confidence. Further, where there is a narrow understanding of drama as performance, the result is missed opportunity to capitalise on the powerful potential of pedagogical drama.
Findings suggest that Mantle of the Expert is an effective way to exemplify drama pedagogy and to provide a clear framework for planning, with respondents able to visualise success in their future classrooms. Findings may help inform pre-service and in-service teacher professional development. Recommendations for future research are also identified.

The Mythological Onça pintada: A Process Drama with Children about Threatened Brazilian Biomes
This article presents the activities of an inter-institutional and outreach research project carried out in partnership between teachers and children in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. It highlights the unique features of drama in education in Brazil, as outlined through this experience, which connects socio-environmental issues of Brazil’s threatened biomes with the country’s cultural diversity. We discuss how five basic dramatic conventions— pre-text, episodes, processes, fictional context, and role experience — are developed within a process drama entitled Mythological Onça Pintada, implemented in this context. The experience fosters a connection between children, teachers, and researchers with nature, imagination, and the wisdom of traditional Brazilian cultures, offering sensitive and creative pathways to engage with themes related to the climate crisis and socio-environmental education in Brazilian primary schools.

Theatre Education in ShanghaiTech University: a case study of Liberal Arts Education in China
Even in Chinese institutions that have adopted liberal arts education, theatre education is notably absent. This paper aims to clarify the concepts of liberal arts education and theatre education and their interconnection; and to identify the gaps in their development within China’s higher education system.
Additionally, this paper analyzes the implementation of holistic education through the case study of the performance studies at ShanghaiTech University. By conducting interviews with participants, the study explores how Theatre Education, as a component of liberal arts education, can benefit higher education students. It also examines its potential applications and long-term value for participants.

Using narrative analysis to create story drama: A model example using Jon Fosse’s fairy tale The Fiddler Girl.
In this piece, the author employs narrative analysis inspired by Russian Formalism to explore content and form of Jon Fosse’s illustrated children’s book, ‘The Fiddler Girl’ [Spelejenta] (2009). Fosse is the Nobel Prize Laureate in Literature for 2023. By drawing on the tradition of fairy tales, the analysis examines how themes of empowerment and quest enhance each other within the story. Supplemented by educational drama theory from the legacy of Dorothy Heathcote, and close reading as a main tool, the author presents a practical arts-based workshop example of how a fairy tale can inspire and be transformed into a story drama.

A Comparative Analysis of Brian Way and Dorothy Heathcote’s Theatrical Approaches: Konstantin Stanislavski vs. Bertolt Brecht
This study conducts a comparative analysis of the theatrical approaches of Brian Way and Dorothy Heathcote, two seminal figures in drama education. While both emerged from the United Kingdom, their philosophies have had enduring international impact.

Dorothy Heathcote: From ‘Learning About’ to ‘Learning From and For’ the Other
This article proposes a re-reading of Heathcote’s work through the ethical philosophy of Emmanuel Levinas, often described as the philosopher of the Other. Heathcote’s praxis is more accurately aligned with Levinas’s notion of education as an encounter with alterity and exteriority, than with models of co-constructed knowledge. For both Heathcote and Levinas, the classroom can be conceived as a kind of laboratory, not for consensus or shared meaning, but for responsibility, interruption, and ethical relation.

Drama in Education in Career Guidance and Counselling: enhancing teenagers’ agency and empowerment
In a recently published PhD study, forty students from grades 9, 10, and 11 at a Greek high school participated in a quasi-experiment during an Action Research intervention that used Drama in Education as the primary method for career exploration. The intervention successfully enhanced the teenagers’ agency and empowerment through personal involvement and active engagement in all processes. Over time, the students in the experimental group assumed the roles of participants, researchers, designers, facilitators, and evaluators. According to the research findings, they developed essential career skills and transferable competences at personal, social, and early professional levels. Their career self-efficacy and career decision-making skills improved to a statistically significant degree compared with the control group.

Humanizing Teaching with Dramatic Inquiry: Keynote by Brian Edmiston at the Dorothy Heathcote Now Conference at Goldsmiths, University of London, November 2024
This article is the text of the Keynote delivered by Brian Edmiston at the Dorothy Heathcote Now Conference at Goldsmiths, University of London, November 2024.

In Two Minds and Two bodies: what happens when we think in role?
This paper is written from a presentation at the Dorothy Heathcote Now! conference held at Goldsmiths November 2024. It examines a particular moment recorded within an interview which was part of my doctoral thesis: In Two Minds: What Happens when we Think in Role?
The narrative begins with the interviewee’s statement:
Drama helped me escape my reality and face it at the same time (Kiara 2019).
This paradox forms the thematic core of the study, which uses Kiara’s recollection of a drama exercise where she saw herself depicted by another student. The article uses this moment to explore how being in role can catalyse self-recognition and healing transformation.

Practitioners’ reflections on dramatic co-creation with children
This study explores practitioners’ reflections on dramatic co-creation with children, focusing on manifestations of agency and empowerment, the role of facilitators, and barriers to co-creation.

The Different Voices of the Teacher in Mantle of the Expert: Developing Community and Student agency
This article is a review of the workshop conducted at the Heathcote Now Conference, November 2024, led by Tim Taylor, alongside Richard Kieran and Lisa Hinton from Woodrow First School, Redditch. The content of the workshop was originally taught across Woodrow First School in the summer of 2024.

The Impact of Mantle of the Expert on Pre-service Teachers’ Pedagogical Drama Confidence in Primary Education
Pre-service primary teachers often lack confidence in teaching drama. This can be compounded by school placement experiences with in-service teachers who similarly lack confidence. Further, where there is a narrow understanding of drama as performance, the result is missed opportunity to capitalise on the powerful potential of pedagogical drama.
Findings suggest that Mantle of the Expert is an effective way to exemplify drama pedagogy and to provide a clear framework for planning, with respondents able to visualise success in their future classrooms. Findings may help inform pre-service and in-service teacher professional development. Recommendations for future research are also identified.

The Mythological Onça pintada: A Process Drama with Children about Threatened Brazilian Biomes
This article presents the activities of an inter-institutional and outreach research project carried out in partnership between teachers and children in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. It highlights the unique features of drama in education in Brazil, as outlined through this experience, which connects socio-environmental issues of Brazil’s threatened biomes with the country’s cultural diversity. We discuss how five basic dramatic conventions— pre-text, episodes, processes, fictional context, and role experience — are developed within a process drama entitled Mythological Onça Pintada, implemented in this context. The experience fosters a connection between children, teachers, and researchers with nature, imagination, and the wisdom of traditional Brazilian cultures, offering sensitive and creative pathways to engage with themes related to the climate crisis and socio-environmental education in Brazilian primary schools.

Theatre Education in ShanghaiTech University: a case study of Liberal Arts Education in China
Even in Chinese institutions that have adopted liberal arts education, theatre education is notably absent. This paper aims to clarify the concepts of liberal arts education and theatre education and their interconnection; and to identify the gaps in their development within China’s higher education system.
Additionally, this paper analyzes the implementation of holistic education through the case study of the performance studies at ShanghaiTech University. By conducting interviews with participants, the study explores how Theatre Education, as a component of liberal arts education, can benefit higher education students. It also examines its potential applications and long-term value for participants.

Using narrative analysis to create story drama: A model example using Jon Fosse’s fairy tale The Fiddler Girl.
In this piece, the author employs narrative analysis inspired by Russian Formalism to explore content and form of Jon Fosse’s illustrated children’s book, ‘The Fiddler Girl’ [Spelejenta] (2009). Fosse is the Nobel Prize Laureate in Literature for 2023. By drawing on the tradition of fairy tales, the analysis examines how themes of empowerment and quest enhance each other within the story. Supplemented by educational drama theory from the legacy of Dorothy Heathcote, and close reading as a main tool, the author presents a practical arts-based workshop example of how a fairy tale can inspire and be transformed into a story drama.
Book Reviews

Directors’ Theatre
This extended new edition of a seminal text marks the 30th anniversary of the original book’s major intervention in the discipline. Bradby and Williams’ field-defining book introduced the continental-European approach to directing, recognising the work of the modern stage director as an artist in his or her own right for the first time. Now edited by Peter M. Boenisch in collaboration with David Williams, this new edition includes an additional four chapters by leading contemporary experts on theatre direction. Covering recent practices and developments, as well as new trends in the academic research on directing, Directors’ Theatre interrogates working ethics and performance aesthetics, directors’ work with actors as a central creative source and their responses to the ongoing reassessment of theatre’s role and function in contemporary culture.

Sarah Kane’s Theatre of Psychic Life: Theatre, Thought, and Mental Suffering
Sarah Kane was one of the landmark playwrights of 1990s Britain, her influence being felt across UK and European theatre. This is the first book to focus exclusively on Kane’s unique approach to mind and mental health. It offers an important re-evaluation of her oeuvre, revealing the relationship between theatre and mind which lies at the heart of her theatrical project.
Drawing on performance theory, psychoanalysis and neuroscience, this book argues that Kane’s innovations generate a ‘dramaturgy of psychic life’, which re-shapes the encounter between stage and audience. It uses previously unseen archival material and contemporary productions to uncover the mechanics of this innovative theatre practice.

Shakespeare and Violence Prevention, A Practical Handbook for Educators
Shakespeare and Violence Prevention is a handbook that guides educators through an exploration of Shakespeare’s potential to address the public health issue of youth violence. Amanda Giguere presents Shakespeare’s plays as a tool to understand, address root causes of, and prevent violence in our own communities. Performance-based engagement with the plays in an educational setting allows students to explore violence-prevention strategies, practice empathy, and build safer communities. Youth violence is an all too relevant topic, and this text helps educators, theatre companies, and academic theatre departments understand new ways in which the performing arts can positively impact young people.

Theatre and Politics in Post-Conflict Northern Ireland
Theatre has played an important role in post-conflict northern Ireland, where it has been used by artists, communities, and organisations as a tool for political advocacy.
This book provides an up-to-date assessment of the state of theatre in northern Ireland since the end of the conflict, across a period of complete transformation, from entrenched civil conflict to relative peace and prosperity. With a focus on applied theatre and works that use theatre as advocacy, the book investigates the ways the main communities in the region have used theatre to promote their agendas, combat prejudice, and deal with legacy issues of the conflict. It also explores the emergence of new theatres that reflect social and demographic changes in the post-conflict period, including theatre with migrants and minorities, LGBTQ and Irish language theatre. In doing so, it examines the crucial role that theatre (and by extension, arts) can play in processes of reconciliation.

Youth, Power, Performance. Applied Theatre with Systemically Maginalized Youth
This book draws on over twenty years scholarship from Diane Conrad’s academic career in applied theatre research with systemically marginalized youth. It draws on applied theatre research conducted with youth in three specific contexts: in alternative high schools, in a youth jail and with street-involved youth.
By drawing on examples from several projects, highlighting youths’ voices and youths’ creations, the book offers an introduction to the researcher and theoretical considerations for the research, suggests practical strategies for engaging with this youth population, describes the applied theatre process developed. It addresses specific considerations for working with incarcerated youth and with Indigenous youth, and explores the potential demonstrated for youth empowerment through applied theatre, some ethical considerations in conducting such work and the role of applied theatre in social change. The book may be of interest to applied theatre researchers, instructors, practitioners and students, and to drama teachers and youth workers.

Directors’ Theatre
This extended new edition of a seminal text marks the 30th anniversary of the original book’s major intervention in the discipline. Bradby and Williams’ field-defining book introduced the continental-European approach to directing, recognising the work of the modern stage director as an artist in his or her own right for the first time. Now edited by Peter M. Boenisch in collaboration with David Williams, this new edition includes an additional four chapters by leading contemporary experts on theatre direction. Covering recent practices and developments, as well as new trends in the academic research on directing, Directors’ Theatre interrogates working ethics and performance aesthetics, directors’ work with actors as a central creative source and their responses to the ongoing reassessment of theatre’s role and function in contemporary culture.

Sarah Kane’s Theatre of Psychic Life: Theatre, Thought, and Mental Suffering
Sarah Kane was one of the landmark playwrights of 1990s Britain, her influence being felt across UK and European theatre. This is the first book to focus exclusively on Kane’s unique approach to mind and mental health. It offers an important re-evaluation of her oeuvre, revealing the relationship between theatre and mind which lies at the heart of her theatrical project.
Drawing on performance theory, psychoanalysis and neuroscience, this book argues that Kane’s innovations generate a ‘dramaturgy of psychic life’, which re-shapes the encounter between stage and audience. It uses previously unseen archival material and contemporary productions to uncover the mechanics of this innovative theatre practice.

Shakespeare and Violence Prevention, A Practical Handbook for Educators
Shakespeare and Violence Prevention is a handbook that guides educators through an exploration of Shakespeare’s potential to address the public health issue of youth violence. Amanda Giguere presents Shakespeare’s plays as a tool to understand, address root causes of, and prevent violence in our own communities. Performance-based engagement with the plays in an educational setting allows students to explore violence-prevention strategies, practice empathy, and build safer communities. Youth violence is an all too relevant topic, and this text helps educators, theatre companies, and academic theatre departments understand new ways in which the performing arts can positively impact young people.

Theatre and Politics in Post-Conflict Northern Ireland
Theatre has played an important role in post-conflict northern Ireland, where it has been used by artists, communities, and organisations as a tool for political advocacy.
This book provides an up-to-date assessment of the state of theatre in northern Ireland since the end of the conflict, across a period of complete transformation, from entrenched civil conflict to relative peace and prosperity. With a focus on applied theatre and works that use theatre as advocacy, the book investigates the ways the main communities in the region have used theatre to promote their agendas, combat prejudice, and deal with legacy issues of the conflict. It also explores the emergence of new theatres that reflect social and demographic changes in the post-conflict period, including theatre with migrants and minorities, LGBTQ and Irish language theatre. In doing so, it examines the crucial role that theatre (and by extension, arts) can play in processes of reconciliation.

Youth, Power, Performance. Applied Theatre with Systemically Maginalized Youth
This book draws on over twenty years scholarship from Diane Conrad’s academic career in applied theatre research with systemically marginalized youth. It draws on applied theatre research conducted with youth in three specific contexts: in alternative high schools, in a youth jail and with street-involved youth.
By drawing on examples from several projects, highlighting youths’ voices and youths’ creations, the book offers an introduction to the researcher and theoretical considerations for the research, suggests practical strategies for engaging with this youth population, describes the applied theatre process developed. It addresses specific considerations for working with incarcerated youth and with Indigenous youth, and explores the potential demonstrated for youth empowerment through applied theatre, some ethical considerations in conducting such work and the role of applied theatre in social change. The book may be of interest to applied theatre researchers, instructors, practitioners and students, and to drama teachers and youth workers.
Editorial Board
Notes on Authors

Volume 16.2 Notes on Authors
Notes on Authors David Allen is Artistic Director of Midland Actors Theatre (UK). The company was lead partner on three Erasmus Plus projects on the work of Dorothy Heathcote. David runs the Facebook group, ‘The Commission Model of Teaching,’ and the website www.mantlenetwork.com. He is the convenor of the annual Dorothy Heathcote Now conference. He

Volume 16.2 Notes on Authors
Notes on Authors David Allen is Artistic Director of Midland Actors Theatre (UK). The company was lead partner on three Erasmus Plus projects on the work of Dorothy Heathcote. David runs the Facebook group, ‘The Commission Model of Teaching,’ and the website www.mantlenetwork.com. He is the convenor of the annual Dorothy Heathcote Now conference. He
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